Health Tips for African American Men and Women
You don’t have to stop eating
chocolate cake or start running marathons to improve your health. Making
small but steady changes in your eating and physical activity
habits—over time—may help you lose weight if you need to, feel better,
and improve your health. The information below can help you start to
change your physical activity and eating habits. When you make changes
to improve your health, you may also move your friends and family to do
the same.
Am I overweight?
Even if you are
overweight according to charts and measures, you may like the size and
shape of your body and not want to lose weight. Your friends and family
may think you look great too.
But the health benefits of getting
fit and eating well are clear. Once you decide to lose weight, your
loved ones may want to join you on your journey to better health.
Am I risking my health by being overweight?
Being overweight can be dangerous to your health. If you are overweight or obese, you are more likely to develop:
- type 2 diabetes
- high blood pressure
- heart disease
- certain forms of cancer.
You can help lower your risk
for many health problems by losing weight. Losing 5 to 10 percent of
your body weight can help improve your health. For example, if you weigh
200 pounds, losing 10 to 20 pounds may help lower your blood pressure
and cholesterol level. Slow and steady weight loss of 1/2 to 2 pounds
per week is the safest way to lose weight.
How do I start to lose weight and improve my health?
To start towards a healthy weight and improve your health, try to:
- Be more physically active
- Eat healthier.
Be more physically active
Regular moderate-intensity
physical activity can be fun and help you feel great. When you share
physical activity with your friends and family, it can also be a social
event. Make it your goal to try to do at least 30 minutes of
moderate-intensity physical activity on most, or better yet, all days of
the week. You may need to be physically active for more than 30 minutes
a day to help you lose and keep off extra weight.
What is moderate-intensity activity?
- walking 2 miles in 30 minutes
- bicycling 5 miles in 30 minutes
- dancing fast for 30 minutes
Sometimes starting and
sticking with a physical activity program can be a challenge. Figuring
out how to beat your physical activity roadblocks may make it easier for
you to get and stay active.
Note: If you are a man and over age 40 or a woman and over age 50, or have chronic health problems such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, osteoporosis, or obesity, talk to your health care provider before starting a vigorous physical activity program.
Beat your physical activity roadblocks!
If you do not have child care, try sharing physical
activities such as walking, biking, or playing tag with your child each
day.
If you do not have time or are too busy to be physically
active, try doing 10 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity
three times a day, or putting more energy than normal into activities
like housework, yard work, and playing with the kids.
If you do
not like, or do not want to exercise, know that doing something you
enjoy such as dancing to the radio, or planning active outings with a
friend, family member or group all count!
If you do not feel
safe being physically active in your neighborhood, form a group of
people to walk, jog, or bike together, working out with videos in your
home, or walking in a shopping mall.
Eat healthier
When you begin to change your eating habits to improve your health, try to:
- Make healthier food choices
- Eat just enough food for you.
Make healthier food choices
A healthy eating plan includes a wide variety of foods from five food groups. Let the Food Guide Pyramid help guide your food choices. Use the Food Guide Pyramid to guide the number of daily servings you eat from each food group. A range of serving numbers is given for each Pyramid food group.
- The smaller number is for people who eat about 1,600 calories a day, such as women who are not physically active.*
- Active women and most men need about 2,200 calories a day and should choose a mid-range number of servings.
- The larger number is for people who eat about 2,800 calories a day, such as active men.
- Improving your eating plan may take time. Changing favorite foods may be one of the most difficult parts. To enjoy tasty, lower-fat versions of some favorite foods, try the suggestions listed in this publication.
* Children, teenagers, and
adults under age 25 should choose 3 daily servings from the milk,
yogurt, and cheese group to meet nutritional needs.
Eat just enough for you.
To lose weight, learn to eat fewer calories.
Do this by selecting foods that are lower in fat and calories from each
food group.
A healthy eating plan calls for making
healthy food choices and eating just enough for you. Larger servings
of food have more calories. Eating more calories than your body needs
leads to weight gain.
Learning about the serving sizes of
foods can help you eat just enough for you. Try to measure your food
for a few days. This can help you learn to recognize what one serving
of a food, such as 1/2 cup of rice, looks like on your plate.
To
lose weight, learn to eat fewer calories. Do this by selecting
foods that are lower in fat and calories from each food group. For
example, choose low-fat cheese and extra lean meat. Also, choose plenty
of vegetables. They are lower in calories and fat than other foods and
can help you feel full.
Lower fat versions of favorite foods
- Instead of fried chicken, try baked, roasted, broiled, grilled, or oven-fried chicken with the skin removed.
- Instead of ham hocks, salt pork or fatback to flavor vegetables, try onions, garlic, low-sodium chicken broth or bouillon, smoked turkey, turkey bacon, or turkey ham. (These meats are high in salt, so use just a little bit.)
- Instead of regular ground beef, try extra lean ground beef or lean ground turkey breast.
- Instead of french fries, try mashed potatoes made with nonfat milk, a baked potato topped with a vegetable or fruit salsa, or a salad.
- Instead of sour cream, try low fat or nonfat sour cream or plain yogurt, or low fat cream cheese.
- Instead of salt, try spices, herbs, lemon, lime, or vinegar. (Salt is not fattening, but it may contribute to high blood pressure in some people).
Do I need to drink milk?
A healthy eating plan includes a variety of foods that provides all of the nutrients the body needs. Milk is a good source of calcium. If you cannot digest lactose (the sugar found in milk), there are many ways you can get the calcium that milk offers, without drinking regular milk.
- Drink low-fat or nonfat ”lactose-reduced“ milk or calcium-fortified soy-based beverages or orange juice
- Choose low-fat yogurt or reduced fat hard cheeses like low-fat cheddar
- Eat dark leafy vegetables like collard greens or kale
- Eat canned fish with soft bones like salmon.
Keeping your new habits
The path to improving your eating and physical activity habits is not easy. But don’t give up. Remember, sensible eating and physical activity habits, followed over time, are key to a healthy body, mind, and spirit!